Hypertension (Tekanan Darah Tinggi)

1. Definition
Hypertension is a condition where obtained blood pressure> 150/90 mm ​​Hg for more than 45 years of age or blood pressure> 130/80 mmHg at age < 45 years

2. Cause
a. Factor that can not be avoided: Heredity, Gender, Age
b. Factor that can be avoided: Obesity, Smoking and alcohol intake, Consumption of excess salt

3. Signs and Symptom: headache, seemed about to faint, blurred vision, fainting, go to fast to feel tired, increased blood pressure, chest pain and shortness of breath, ear buzzing, sleeplessness, droop on nape

4. Impact
Damage to organs such as brain, heart, eye, kidney failure, paralysis, organ motion (stroke)


5. Means of prevention

Regular diet, Exercise regularly, Stopping smoking, Drinking less coffee, Maintain stable weight, Avoiding stress

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Diabetes mellitus (kencing manis)

1. Definition
    A complex metabolic disorder because the body fails to respond to increased blood sugar levels.
    There are two types of diabetes mellitus, namely:
    a) Diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent
    b) Diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent tisak

2. Cause
     Abnormalities in cell betha, heredity, immune system disorders, viral infections, diet, stress, age, hormone insulin deficiency, pregnancy.

3. signs symptoms
    a) The typical symptoms are:
        * Many of the meals (polipagi)
        * Drink plenty of (polidipsi)
        * Many of urine (polyuria)
    b) A limp
    c) Tingling or itching, nausea, vomiting. easily tired
    d) Random glucose levels> 200 mg / L
    e) Fasting glucose levels> 126 mg / L

4. Complication
    a) Hypertension
    b) Glaucoma
    c) If there are injuries resulting in gangrene
    d) Urinary tract infections

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CORDIS DECOMPENSASI (HEART FAILURE)

1.Definition

A state of pathological abnormalities of heart function so that the heart can not pump blood to meet the metabolic needs of tissues and or ability only if accompanied by an abnormal elevation of diastolic volumes.

2. Causes

• Modern lifestyle
• Obesity
• The habit of consuming alcohol
•  A diet containing lots of sodium (salty)
• Having a history of hypertension
• Smoking
• Like fatty foods
•  The habit of excessive coffee consumption
• High cholesterol levels
• Activity does not exercise regularly

3. Symptoms of Heart Failure

a) Shortness

b) Cough

c) Enlargement of the heart

d) Rhonkhi

e) Edema

f) Anorexia

g) Bloating

h) Ascites

4. Things to watch out for people

a) Immediately went to the hospital, clinic, doctor

b) For the examination of heart condition

c) Photos of thoracic

d) Examination of the ECG

e) Avoid fatty foods

f) Avoid smoking

g) Avoid drinking coffee

h) Avoid drinking alcohol

i) Reduce salty foods

j) Control of blood pressure

k) Diet low in calories when body fat

l) activity according to tolerance

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